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Showing posts with label VBMFX. Show all posts
Showing posts with label VBMFX. Show all posts

Sunday, June 06, 2010

John Bogle on Long, Government & Corporate Bonds

Summary of John Bogles advice given during a video interview on bond allocation to Long, Government and Corporate Bonds.

In this video interview John (Jack) Bogle, the founder and former chairman of Vanguard, gives his current recommends for bond investors. Many will be surprised to learn Bogle is recommending against holding certain types of bonds and a different bond allocation than what is in Vanguard's Total Bond Index Fund, VBMFX.

For most of his career, Bogle has recommended against market timing in favor of placing your assets into index funds with an allocation based on your age. Generally, he recommended 100 percent less your age into Vanguard's Total Stock Market index fund, VTSMX, with the remainder of the funds in Vanguard's Total Bond Index Fund as he said in a CNBC interview.
Get your balance right. Have a certain amount in bond funds, bond index funds or Pimco funds for that matter because Paul (McCulley, PICMCO managing director) has done a fabulous job out there. Paul and Bill (Gross, PIMCO Founder and director). Take your equity position and make it 80% say US, 20% non US. Get your balance having something to do with your age. More bonds as you get older like I am and stay the course.
[John C. Bogle (7/14/08 with DJIA in a bear market at 11,100)]

This has changed which the video below and my summary of the interview highlight.

Some Key points from the interview:

#1 Bogle says avoid the long maturities:
I am nervous about the fixed income markets. Therefore I would not use the long maturities.
#2 Bogle recommends about 1/2 short term bonds and 1/2 in intermediate term to get some "reasonable income" and the ability to "ride the fluctuations that are sure to come."
And so, I'd say some combination of maybe one half short term bonds, or limited term, a little longer than short term, or in intermediate terms. In other words, half in short and limited, and half in intermediate term, which should give you some reasonable income, and should enable you to ride with these fluctuations that are sure to come, I think, in the bond market.
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Full Text of Bogle Interview.

#3 On the total bond index fund, VBMFX, Bogle recommends a different weighting with more in corporate and less in government bonds than the index shows.
So you really ought to look into what kind of a bond fund you have. The index has sort of an intermediate term of maturity, and that's certainly more than satisfactory. But it's heavily weighted by government, and at these yield relationships, I'd think I'd have a little more in corporates, and maybe a little less in governments, than the index shows.

Some will say the above is market timing which Bogle has been a strong opponent against.
The idea that a bell rings to signal when investors should get into or out of the stock market is simply not credible. After nearly fifty years in this business, I do not know of anybody who has done it successfully and consistently. I don't even know anybody who knows anybody who has done it successfully and consistently. Yet market timing appears to be increasingly embraced by mutual fund investors and the professional managers of fund portfolios alike.
[John C. Bogle in Common Sense on Mutual Funds: , pg 20]

My answer is Bogle has recommended against market timing the stock market in general but he's always said it is ok to use some of your "mad money" or "explore portfolio" to gamble on the edges. Bogle on Managed Mutual Funds:
Actively managed mutual funds? Yes. But only if they are run by managers who own their own firms, who follow distinctive philosophies, and who invest for the long term, without benchmark hugging. (Don't be disappointed if the managed fund loses to the index fund in at least one year of every three!)"
[John C. Bogle in “The Little Book of Common Sense Investing”, Chapter 18]

Bogle on individual stocks for your “Funny Money” account:
Yes, Pick a few. Listen to the promoters. Listen to your broker or adviser. Listen to your neighbors. Heck, even listen to your brother-in-law.
[John C. Bogle in “The Little Book of Common Sense Investing”, pg 202]

Also, removing  long term  and some government bonds from your portfolio and replacing them with corporate bonds doesn't change your allocation between fixed and equities so you could argue he isn't market timing stock, just bonds!

I agree with Bogle's advice and neither of my newsletter portfolios currently have bonds with long maturities.  Kirk's Two Investment Letters

With my own money and the core portfolios in "Kirk Lindstrom's Investment Letter," I don't need the yield so I am in capital preservation mode on the fixed income side with my only bonds holdings in  iBonds, TIPS and TIPS index funds such as FINPX from Fidelity and VIPSX from Vanguard.

Since 12/31/98 "Kirk's Newsletter Explore Portfolio" is UP 158% (a double plus another 58%!!) vs. the S&P500 UP a tiny 4.5% vs. NASDAQ UP a tiny 1.2% (All through 6/5/10)

In 2009, "Kirk's Newsletter Explore Portfolio" gained 33.5% vs. the DJIA up 18.8%
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What do people think about John Bogle's advice to not own certain bonds and have a different bond allocation than is currently in the total bond fund?   


 

Thursday, February 12, 2009

Vanguard's GNMA versus Total Bond Fund

Vanguard has two excellent funds called "Vanguard GNMA Fund" (VFIIX Charts) and "Vanguard Total Bond Market Index Fund" (VBMFX Charts). VFIIX invests mostly in Government National Mortgage Association (”Ginnie Mae”) securities. These securities are backed by the U.S. government so they get the top Aaa rating at Moody's and AAA at Standard & Poor's. Much more diversified VBMFX invests in more than 3,000 bonds representative of the broad, U.S. investment-grade market. Investment grade means ratings are Aaa to Baa3 at Modie's and AAA to BBB- at S&P.

Both are "Investor Class Shares" which have the lowest minimum required investment of $3,000. Bob Brinker recommends the GNMA Fund on his radio show, Moneytalk (See Bob Brinker's Current GNMA Fund Advice), but Brinker seldom talks about the Total Bond fund that is preferred by most followers of modern portfolio theory (mpt) and fans of diversification.

Performance Comparison between VFIIX and VBMFX:
3 yr annual return: VFIIX=6.04%; VBMFX=5.28%
3 yr annual SD: VFIIX=3.36%; VBMFX=4.11%
10 yr annual return: VFIIX=5.68%; VBMFX= 5.68%
(per Morningstar)
where "SD" is standard deviation, a measure of volatility.

Fixed income characteristics as of 12/31/2008:

GNMA Fund Investor Shares
Yield to maturity = 3.4%
Average coupon = 5.6%
Average maturity* = 1.7 years
Average quality Aaa
Average duration** 1.0 years
Total Bond Market Index Fund Investor Shares
Yield to maturity = 4.0%
Average coupon = 5.3%
Average maturity* = 5.4years
Average quality** = AA1/AA2
Average duration*** = 3.7 years
*Yield to maturity is the rate of return an investor would receive if a security is held to its maturity date.

**Average Quality: Aaa is Moody's highest ranking. AA1 and AA2 are the next two lower ratings for high grade bonds. See Bond Ranking Table at Wikipedia.

***Duration is a measure of the sensitivity of bond—and bond mutual fund—prices to interest rate movements. For example, if a bond has a duration of two years, its price would fall about 2% when interest rates rose one percentage point. On the other hand, the bond's price would rise by about 2% when interest rates fell by one percentage point.

The total bond fund is an index fund while the GNMA fund is not. The fund manager for the GNMA fund will adjust the fund holdings to affect duration and yield to anticipate the future direction of interest rates. This is market timing.

I own some of both funds.

For the "explore" or "mad money" part of my "core and explore portfolio," I use the GNMA fund to buy when its NAV is low due to exuberance (low fear) for stocks that drives interest rates up (and NAVs down) as money flows from fixed income to equities. If I am wrong with my "attempt" to time bonds, then I have a good fund with great yield and 100% backing by the government's ability to print money. If I am right with my timing, the fund can sometimes give more bang for the buck than Total Bond for short term moves since the fund manager adjusts duration.

The GNMA fund manager now has duration very short so I've taken profits to wait for the next low NAV time to repurchase. I'll buy the shares back when duration is longer and rates are higher, perhaps when people are euphoric about stocks again which causes money to flow from safe bonds to risky stocks.

For the core part of your portfolio, I recommend Total Bond (VBMFX) for those who want to keep it simple.

If you want "rebalance premium" from the inflation and deflation cycles, then I prefer splitting the money into TIPS, Cash/CDs/MM Funds and Total Bond to some allocation you are comfortable with THEN rebalance back to that target allocation whenever the allocation gets a set percentage out of balance.

That is keep the total bond fund in your core portfolio and use the managed GNMA fund in your explore portfolio.

The knock on GNMAs for the long term is they are essentially "callable" in that people tend to refinance when rates drop so you don't get the same NAV upside potential from falling rates. This has not been a problem the past 10 years as rates for mortgages have not fallen nearly as much as Treasury rates... On the flip-side, when rates go up, people tend to not refinance... so you don't have a symmetrical risk/reward profile.

More charts for Vanguard Fixed Income Funds:
January 2010 Update: Last year I sold ALL my bond funds that are not indexed to inflation for my personal account. To see what I recommend these days, you need to subscribe to one of my newsletters. For details, see Kirk's Two Investment Letters

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